Energy (from the Greek energia – action, activity) is the ability to perform activities that are aimed at carrying out actions.
One of the two forms of existence of matter is energy.
In a material system, energy is a quantity that is equal to the amount of work reserve, as a physical concept, which is contained in a particular system.
It is impossible to imagine the universe without the existence of energy.
Despite this, in the absence of its absence, the substance would be absolutely motionless and would have a temperature equal to absolute zero. Despite this, the question of the possibility of the existence of the substance itself in such conditions remains open. The simplest particles would not be able to combine into atoms, since all physical fields with an energetic nature would have to be absent. It is possible that the existence of the elementary particles themselves is highly questionable due to the lack of reliable data on their structure and what causes quarks to combine. In another sense, it is likely that matter in our understanding cannot exist without energy. Like energy without matter.
Energy has many different manifestations. Of these, the following types of energy can be distinguished: mechanical, electromagnetic, gravitational, nuclear, thermal, etc. They can transform into each other, but the total amount of energy does not decrease – there is a law of conservation of energy. This law applies to all processes that take place in the universe, and allows us to consider them in their entirety.
With any energy conversion, some part of it will be used to heat the substance, which means that the thermal – internal – energy of the system, which is the internal energy of the body, increases. Energy of any type, including energy of any kind of energy, can be converted into heat without residue, but at the same time it cannot completely transfer into energy of its other types. Through heat exchange, it promotes the use of ambient heat and matter outside the system. In real conditions, no system in which activities are carried out can be completely isolated from the environment. Any conversion of energy from one type to another necessarily leads to an increase in the share of thermal energy.
It follows from this that the amount of energy in the universe is constantly increasing, which cannot perform physical work. The amount of increase in a given internal or thermal energy increases with increasing entropy. It follows from this that in the foreseeable future, after a sufficiently long period of time, the “thermal death of the Universe” will occur. At the same time, almost all types of energy, except field energy, will be converted into thermal energy. The temperature of all matter in the universe will become equal.
As you know, according to the famous Einstein ratio, matter is a huge reservoir of energy. Despite this, there is no probability of its natural or artificial activation on any significant scale. An event of this kind could only take place at the moment of annihilation, but this is prevented by a shortage of antimatter, which was caused by the baryon asymmetry that appeared at the early stage of the Big Bang.
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