Sputnik-1

Sputnik-1 – The world’s first artificial Earth satellite, which was created on the basis of the Earth’s surface, was a Soviet spacecraft launched into orbit on October 4, 1957 during the International Geophysical Year.
The nickname of the satellite “PS-1” stands for “The simplest Satellite-1”. The launch was carried out from the 5th research range of the USSR Ministry of Defense, which later became known as the Baikonur cosmodrome, on a Sputnik launch vehicle, which is an upgraded version of the R-7 intercontinental ballistic missile.
Such scientists as M.V. Keldysh, M.K. Tikhonravov, O.G. Ivanovsky, N.S. Lidorenko, G.Y. Maksimov, V.I. Lappo, K.I. Gringauz, B.S. Chekunov, A.V. Bukhtiyarov, N.A. Bereskov took part in the process of creating an artificial Earth satellite under the leadership of S.P. Korolev and many others.
The launch marked the beginning of a new era in the field of political, military, technological and scientific developments. The launch date of the Sputnik-1 satellite, the first in the history of mankind, is considered the beginning of the space age of mankind, which is celebrated annually in Russia as Space Troops Day. The plain on Pluto was named after the first artificial satellite of the Earth, which was officially approved as the name for the planet on August 8, 2017 by the International Astronomical Union.